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THE INTERACTION OF CHEMICAL AND NATURAL STRESSORS ON CARDIOVASCULAR DYNAMICS OF TELEOST FISH

Cypher, Alysha D
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4489-3846
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1504271665120028

Abstract Details

2017, Doctor of Philosophy, University of Akron, Integrated Bioscience.
Simultaneous exposure to synthetic chemical compounds and hypoxia is a common scenario for aquatic organisms. These exposures are tolerated through the induction of molecular, physiological, and behavioral responses. Particularly for hypoxia, the cardiovascular system is paramount to maintaining the balance between oxygen demand and supply. Exposure to compounds like bisphenol A (BPA) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can exert toxic effects on cardiovascular function. Simultaneous exposure has the potential to both decrease hypoxia tolerance and exacerbate toxicity of exposure to these compounds. The purpose of this work was to determine how cardiovascular function is affected by simultaneous exposure. With co-exposure to hypoxia and the plasticizer, BPA, zebrafish larvae experience severe bradycardia and loss of cardiac output that was also accompanied by slowed development and higher mortality. This effect was absent in larvae exposed to BPA singly. At lower concentrations of BPA, cardiac parameters experienced slight decreases in heart rate that were ameliorated post exposure. Red blood cell velocity, however, decreased up to 30% in these larvae and decreased further after 6-7 days of recovery, indicating that embryonic exposure had a long term effect on cardiovascular function. With co-exposure to hypoxia and the cardiotoxic PAH, phenanthrene, larvae experienced more severe decreases in heart rate, cardiac output, and red blood cell velocity. This indicated an increase in the toxic effect of phenanthrene due to hypoxia co-exposure. Statistical methods for evaluating cardiovascular function in zebrafish were also explored through the use of structural equation modeling (SEM). SEM provides a systems approach to identify how relationships between variables change with treatments like hypoxia. Lastly, I advocate for the use of shotgun lipidomics as a tool for hypothesis generation for lipid research in fish physiology. A comparison of the lipid composition of maternal tissue and eggs is presented in order to demonstrate how lipidomics can be used to generate hypotheses in fish lipid research. Overall, this work identified several novels findings and contributes to research on cardiovascular function, toxicology, stress, statistics, and bioinformatics.
Brian Bagatto, PhD (Advisor)
Londraville Richard, PhD (Committee Member)
Shriver Leah , PhD (Committee Member)
Moore Francisco, PhD (Committee Member)
Ramirez Rolando, PhD (Committee Member)
132 p.
Physiology
Cardiovascular; Hypoxia; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; Bisphenol A; Zebrafish

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Cypher, A. D. (2017). THE INTERACTION OF CHEMICAL AND NATURAL STRESSORS ON CARDIOVASCULAR DYNAMICS OF TELEOST FISH [Doctoral dissertation, University of Akron]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1504271665120028

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Cypher, Alysha. THE INTERACTION OF CHEMICAL AND NATURAL STRESSORS ON CARDIOVASCULAR DYNAMICS OF TELEOST FISH. 2017. University of Akron, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1504271665120028.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Cypher, Alysha. "THE INTERACTION OF CHEMICAL AND NATURAL STRESSORS ON CARDIOVASCULAR DYNAMICS OF TELEOST FISH." Doctoral dissertation, University of Akron, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1504271665120028

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

akron1504271665120028
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© 2017, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by University of Akron and OhioLINK.