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Modification of Alkyd Resins and Seed Oil Based Reactive Diluents for High Performance Coatings

Pellegrene, Brittany Ann
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1560887968530216

Abstract Details

2019, Doctor of Philosophy, University of Akron, Polymer Engineering.
Alkyds, one of the most commonly used binders for coating systems, are modified polyesters derived from seed oils. They find utility in several coating applications, including architectural, industrial and wood coatings. Formulation involves the use of reactive diluents to decrease the viscosity and trigger the autoxidative curing mechanism of the alkyds to avoid the use of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This work studies the modification of alkyds and reactive diluents and the differences between the coating performance of these additives. Two differently functionalized alkyds and reactive diluents were synthesized and formulated into high solids alkyds coatings. Alkoxysilane and fluorine functionalities were chosen to improve adhesion, hardness, and chemical and corrosion resistance of the coating system. The resulting coatings were analyzed for performance, tensile properties, corrosion resistance and weatherability. ESEM-EDX was used to observe the distribution of the fluorine and alkoxysilane in the cross-section of the coating. Stratification was observed for the modified reactive diluents at high concentrations, and these coatings showed improved adhesion and corrosion resistance. The modified alkyds performed better in terms of mechanical properties, but stratification was not observed. Next, the moisture sensitivity of alkoxysilanes was studied by looking into the effect of various relative humidity conditions on the curing and performance of alkoxysilane functionalized alkyd coatings. These coatings were evaluated for drying time, adhesion, hardness and mechanical properties. At high humidity, the alkoxysilane functional reactive diluents dried more quickly and formed harder coatings than the unmodified control. The functionalized alkyds showed enhanced adhesion and tensile strength at high humidity. Thirdly, fluorinated alkyds and reactive diluents were compared to understand the effects of molecular weight and viscosity on the stratification and performance of these coatings. The additives were found to create more hydrophobic and chemically resistant coatings without detrimental effects on other properties. The reactive diluents showed more stratification, with decreased mechanical properties. The fluorinated alkyd system improved corrosion resistance without sacrificing other coating properties. In this case, the added mobility of the reactive diluent did not improve the final properties of the coatings. In the final part of this work, novel soybean oil-based reactive diluents were developed, based on an ene reaction between soybean oil and maleic anhydride, which was characterized using FT-IR, 1H-, 13C- and 2D NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry. The resulting maleated soybean oil was further modified with various nucleophiles, containing allyl ether or methacrylate functionalities. The efficacy of these reactive diluents in decreasing viscosity was evaluated, as well as the crosslink density, tensile properties and coating performance. These novel reactive diluents efficiently reduced viscosity without a significant decrease in performance of the resulting coatings.
Mark Soucek, PhD (Advisor)
Thein Kyu, PhD (Committee Chair)
Younjin Min, PhD (Committee Member)
Tianbo Liu, PhD (Committee Member)
Chelsea Monty-Bromer, PhD (Committee Member)
224 p.
Chemistry; Materials Science; Polymer Chemistry; Polymers
alkyds; self-stratification; humidity; soybean oil; tung oil; maleated soybean oil

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Pellegrene, B. A. (2019). Modification of Alkyd Resins and Seed Oil Based Reactive Diluents for High Performance Coatings [Doctoral dissertation, University of Akron]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1560887968530216

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Pellegrene, Brittany. Modification of Alkyd Resins and Seed Oil Based Reactive Diluents for High Performance Coatings. 2019. University of Akron, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1560887968530216.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Pellegrene, Brittany. "Modification of Alkyd Resins and Seed Oil Based Reactive Diluents for High Performance Coatings." Doctoral dissertation, University of Akron, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1560887968530216

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

akron1560887968530216
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This open access ETD is published by University of Akron and OhioLINK.