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BGSU_Dissertations_0238_Kroll.pdf (4.51 MB)

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The Influence of Information Load and Task Presentation on the Adaptation Effect in Stutterers and Normal Speakers

Kroll, Robert M.
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1566297702062605

Abstract Details

1974, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.), Bowling Green State University, Communication Disorders.
Fourteen stutterers and fourteen normal speakers were required to read aloud each of two passages, differing in information value, five times in succession. Furthermore, the passages were read under two different conditions of task presentation. Condition I provided the subjects with a priori knowledge regarding the experimental limits and requirements. Condition II withheld any such a priori knowledge. Instances of stuttering and normal nonfluency were tabulated and converted to percentages to obtain proportional measures of adaptation. The Friedman two-way analysis of variance was used to test for (a) the effects of reading passages differing in information value and (b) the effects of different methods of task presentation on adaptation. Moreover, each Passage/Condition combination was analyzed separately, utilizing similar statistical procedures. Results of the study revealed that the adaptation curves for both stutterers and normal speakers were directly influenced by the information value of the reading passage. Less adaptation was observed with the high information passage as compared to the low information passage. The variable of task presentation differentiated the stutterers from the normal speakers. When a priori instructions were provided to the stutterers the adaptation curve assumed a smooth, negatively accelerating course through five reading trials. When a priori instructions were withheld, the curve deviated from the expected course, as more stuttering was observed on trial 2 than on trial 1. For the normal speakers, identical adaptation trends were observed whether or not a priori instructions were provided. It is concluded that stuttering adaptation is a function of both linguistic and situational variables, whereas normal nonfluency adaptation is primarily a function of linguistic variables. Several theoretical, experimental and clinical implications are offered.
Stephen B. Hood (Advisor)
Speech Therapy

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Kroll, R. M. (1974). The Influence of Information Load and Task Presentation on the Adaptation Effect in Stutterers and Normal Speakers [Doctoral dissertation, Bowling Green State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1566297702062605

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Kroll, Robert. The Influence of Information Load and Task Presentation on the Adaptation Effect in Stutterers and Normal Speakers. 1974. Bowling Green State University, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1566297702062605.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Kroll, Robert. "The Influence of Information Load and Task Presentation on the Adaptation Effect in Stutterers and Normal Speakers." Doctoral dissertation, Bowling Green State University, 1974. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1566297702062605

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

bgsu1566297702062605
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