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Factors that Explain and Predict Community Pharmacists' Provision of Smoking Cessation Services: An Application of the Integrated Behavioral Model

Ching, Diana K
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco155681784242428

Abstract Details

2019, Master of Science (MS), University of Toledo, Pharmaceutical Sciences (Health Outcomes and Socioeconomic Sciences).
Introduction: Tobacco use is one of the leading, preventable risk factors that contributes to the most common causes of death in the United States (US). Smoking cigarettes is not only costly to an individual’s health, but it is also costly to the environment, society, and an individual’s loved ones. Although there have been numerous studies supporting evidence-based practices, such as use of smoking cessation medication aids and behavioral counseling, current smokers may not have the support from their health care professionals that is needed to increase their chances of successfully quitting. Currently, not enough physicians are providing smoking cessation services and counseling to their patients. Therefore, as one of the most trusted and accessible health care professionals, pharmacists can play a vital role to fill the gap of care by providing a widely-available point of access to smoking cessation services for patients who smoke. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that may help explain and predict pharmacists’ intention to provide smoking cessation services to their patients who smoke using two different health behavior theory models: the Integrated Behavioral Model (IBM) and the Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM). Methods: This study is an observational, cross-sectional, exploratory study. A survey instrument was designed and validated. A list of Ohio pharmacists who hold an active license was attained from the Ohio Board of Pharmacy. The 59-item, 12-section survey was primarily based on the constructs of IBM, which included: attitudes, perceived norms, and personal agency regarding providing smoking cessation services to their patients who smoke. Survey items were imported into Qualtrics. Surveys were distributed electronically via email to 1000 community pharmacists in Ohio holding an active Ohio pharmacist license. Investigators used IBM SPSS (V25) and StataCorp STAT (V15) for statistical analysis. Following data collection, construct validity and internal reliability were established using exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach’s alpha tests, respectively. This study was approved by the University of Toledo Social, Behavioral, and Educational Institutional Review Board. Results: A total of 396 pharmacists responded to the survey, 321 were complete and 317 met inclusion criteria (31.7% final response rate). The majority of pharmacists (56%) were not providing smoking cessation services and only 14% intended to provide the 5A’s smoking cessation counseling method within the next 12 month. Pharmacists who reported receiving specific training on 5A’s during pharmacy school were more than 4 times more likely to intend to provide smoking cessation services than those who did not or were unsure. Those who reported a high level of tobacco training quantity (TTQ) were nearly 4 times more likely to be at a higher stage of readiness to provide smoking cessation services. Conclusion: Pharmacists’ tobacco cessation education plays a large role in influencing pharmacists’ intention and actual provision of smoking cessation services. Therefore, current tobacco cessation education during and after pharmacy school may need adjustments and improvements for our future and current pharmacists.
Monica Holiday-Goodman, PhD (Committee Chair)
Timothy R. Jordan, PhD (Committee Member)
Anthony Pattin, PharmD (Committee Member)
133 p.
Pharmacy Sciences; Public Health; Public Health Education
smoking cessation; integrated behavioral model; IBM; community pharmacists; clinical services; pharmacy services; precaution adoption process model; PAPM; tobacco cessation education

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Citations

  • Ching, D. K. (2019). Factors that Explain and Predict Community Pharmacists' Provision of Smoking Cessation Services: An Application of the Integrated Behavioral Model [Master's thesis, University of Toledo]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco155681784242428

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Ching, Diana. Factors that Explain and Predict Community Pharmacists' Provision of Smoking Cessation Services: An Application of the Integrated Behavioral Model. 2019. University of Toledo, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco155681784242428.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Ching, Diana. "Factors that Explain and Predict Community Pharmacists' Provision of Smoking Cessation Services: An Application of the Integrated Behavioral Model." Master's thesis, University of Toledo, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco155681784242428

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

mco155681784242428
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© 2019, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by University of Toledo Health Science Campus and OhioLINK.