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The Effects of Nicotine and Nicotine Withdrawal on Cardiovascular Reactivity and Affective Responses in a Sample of Habitual and Occasional Cigarette Smokers

VanderKaay, Melissa M.
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1154546065

Abstract Details

2006, Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Ohio University, Experimental Psychology (Arts and Sciences).
The present study assessed and compared the effects of nicotine administration and 12-hour nicotine abstinence on cardiovascular reactivity and affective responses in habitual (nicotine dependent) cigarette smokers and occasional (non-nicotine dependent) cigarette smokers called chippers. One hundred thirty-two healthy male participants (66 habitual smokers, 66 chippers) were assigned to either an active nicotine patch condition (n = 66) or a placebo patch condition (n = 66). Each participant attended two sessions: A patch distribution pre-testing session and a laboratory session that took place after 12 hours of smoking abstinence. The laboratory testing session assessed cardiovascular reactivity (HR, SV, CO, SBP, DBP, TPR) and negative affect (Profile of Mood States, Visual Analog Scale) during a 10-minute baseline period, a 6-minute Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task (PASAT), a 10-minute recovery period, a 5-minute Star Mirror Trace Task (SMTT), and a second 10-minute recovery period. No differences in cardiovascular reactivity were demonstrated between habitual smokers in the nicotine condition and habitual smokers in the nicotine withdrawal condition. Chippers in the nicotine condition showed greater CO increases and less SV decreases than chippers in the nicotine withdrawal condition. Habitual smokers in the nicotine condition had smaller CO increases and greater TPR increases than chippers in the nicotine condition for PASAT, and smaller CO increases and greater SV decreases for SMTT. For negative affect reactivity, habitual smokers in the nicotine withdrawal condition showed greater “Anger” and “Irritated” increases than habitual smokers in the nicotine condition, but only for the PASAT. Additionally, habitual smokers in the nicotine withdrawal condition showed greater “Anger” increases as compared to chippers in the nicotine withdrawal condition for the PASAT only. Within habitual smokers, nicotine withdrawal may enhance negative affect reactivity during psychological stress. During nicotine administration, habitual smokers appear to respond to psychological stress with increases in peripheral resistance while chippers respond to stress with more myocardial responses (CO increases). Habitual smokers may have decreased sensitivity or density of beta-adrenergic receptors while chippers may have enhanced sensitivity or density of beta-adrenergic receptors.
Stephen Patterson (Advisor)
205 p.
Nicotine; Cardiovascular Reactivity; Negative Affect; Psychological Stress; Cigarette Smokers; Chippers

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Citations

  • VanderKaay, M. M. (2006). The Effects of Nicotine and Nicotine Withdrawal on Cardiovascular Reactivity and Affective Responses in a Sample of Habitual and Occasional Cigarette Smokers [Doctoral dissertation, Ohio University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1154546065

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • VanderKaay, Melissa. The Effects of Nicotine and Nicotine Withdrawal on Cardiovascular Reactivity and Affective Responses in a Sample of Habitual and Occasional Cigarette Smokers. 2006. Ohio University, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1154546065.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • VanderKaay, Melissa. "The Effects of Nicotine and Nicotine Withdrawal on Cardiovascular Reactivity and Affective Responses in a Sample of Habitual and Occasional Cigarette Smokers." Doctoral dissertation, Ohio University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1154546065

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

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This open access ETD is published by Ohio University and OhioLINK.