The current study is the first controlled evaluation of the effectiveness of a brief mindfulness intervention among college students who are binge drinkers. Participants were 76 undergraduate college students who were randomly assigned to a Mindfulness Group or an assessment only Control Group. Assessments were administered to both groups at the initial intervention and weekly for the subsequent four weeks. The Mindfulness Group received information about mindfulness and participated in a series of mindfulness meditation experiential exercises during the initial intervention. The Mindfulness Group participated in another mindfulness meditation practice two weeks following the initial intervention and was asked to engage in out-of-session mindfulness meditation practice for four weeks. Treatment outcome assessed changes in alcohol-related behaviors and attitudes. Mediators and moderators of treatment outcome were examined as well.
Initial efficacy was supported by significantly fewer binge episodes, less consequences of alcohol use and higher self-efficacy among the Mindfulness Group. Results suggested that level of readiness to change and rate of binge episodes prior to the intervention affect response to treatment. Contrary to study hypotheses, the Mindfulness Group did not report changes in overall dispositional mindfulness, thought avoidance or readiness to change. Consistent attendance, low rates of attrition, compliance with out-of-session mindfulness meditation practice and high ratings of satisfaction by participants in the Mindfulness Group demonstrated feasibility of the intervention. Results from this study provide initial support for the effectiveness of a brief mindfulness-based intervention among college students who are binge drinkers.