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Clinical and Forensic Biomarkers in Human Hair

Bani Rashaid, Ayat H.
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1407256298

Abstract Details

2014, Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Ohio University, Chemistry and Biochemistry (Arts and Sciences).
This study optimizes and validates a method for measuring the distribution of 14 amino acids in human scalp hair for clinical and forensic applications. A robust and comprehensive approach was used to objectively compare the most effective means of extracting and manipulating chromatographic data to obtain the best limits of detection, linearity, and sensitivity. Data comparisons were made between total ion current (TIC) mode and selected ion monitoring (SIM). The use of SIM, peak areas, and an internal standard provided significantly better sensitivity and limits of detection than using peak heights, TICs, or no internal standard. The sample preparation steps included protein acid hydrolysis using hydrochloric acid and trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatization using N,O-bis (trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA), and the determination of derivatized amino acids by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The optimal derivatization conditions were acetonitrile as reaction solvent, temperature of 100 C, and a reaction time of 30 min. For the clinical applications, scalp hair of 15 type 2 diabetic mellitus patients and 12 control subjects were analyzed. A fuzzy rule-building expert system (FuRES) classified the amino acid profiles into diabetic and control groups based on multivariate analyses of the abundance of 14 amino acids. The sensitivity was 100% for the diabetes detection using leave-one-profile-out validation. The area under the receiver operative characteristics (ROC) curve was 1.0, which represents a highly sensitive and specific diabetes test. The associations between the abundance of amino acids and health status may have clinical applications in providing diagnostic indicator, risk factors, and predicting other chronic or acute diseases. For forensic purposes, amino acid compositions of scalp hair of 64 subjects from three geographical areas of Jordan were also analyzed using the validated method. After the leave-one-subject-out validation, the FuRES classification rate was 94% for sex, 83% for age, and 61% for the area of residency. The area under ROC curve is 0.95 for sex, 0.85 for age, and 0.73 for the area of residency. This method could complement the current methods of hair analysis, which includes physical examinations and genomic or mitochondrial DNA analysis.
Peter Harrington (Advisor)
Glen Jackson (Committee Member)
Michael Held (Committee Member)
Donald Miles (Committee Member)
151 p.
Biochemistry; Biology; Chemistry
Forensic; Clinical; hydrolysis; derivatization; FuRES; ROC; Amino acids

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Bani Rashaid, A. H. (2014). Clinical and Forensic Biomarkers in Human Hair [Doctoral dissertation, Ohio University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1407256298

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Bani Rashaid, Ayat. Clinical and Forensic Biomarkers in Human Hair. 2014. Ohio University, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1407256298.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Bani Rashaid, Ayat. "Clinical and Forensic Biomarkers in Human Hair." Doctoral dissertation, Ohio University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1407256298

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

ohiou1407256298
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© 2014, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by Ohio University and OhioLINK.