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Dietary Amino Acid Concentrations for 2- to 20-Week-old Turkeys, Meleagris

Aimiuwu, Osagie Christopher
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1279813955

Abstract Details

2010, Doctor of Philosophy, Ohio State University, Animal Sciences.
A randombred control turkey line (R 2) was developed in 1966 at the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC). A sub-line of the R 2 was established in 1969 by selecting solely for body weight at 16 wk (F line). Since the development of the F line, no studies have been conducted to determine if selection has altered the dietary lysine and total sulphur amino acid concentration needed to support the increased body weight. Results of our studies showed that selection for BW alone at 16 wk in the F line has not changed the dietary amino acid concentration needed to support the increased BW gain and that the nutrients required to support the accelerated growth is provided by correlated increases in feed consumption. There are relatively few studies with turkeys that have examined the effect of selection for increased BW and breast muscle size on breast muscle structure/morphology or the interaction between diet and genotype on breast muscle morphology, particularly during younger ages when amino acid requirements are the highest. Growth assays and histological analyses suggest that selection for body weight alone (F line) and body weight in tandem with changes in carcass conformation (commercial turkeys) have altered muscle fiber through reduced muscle fiber diameter and increased muscle fiber number per unit area. There was also a line x lysine interactions on muscle fiber number per unit area. The increase in muscle growth when dietary lysine concentration was increased from 1.45% to 1.60% supports the NRC (1994) recommended concentration of 1.60% lysine in starter diets for poults. There have been relatively few lysine requirement studies that have covered the full productive life of commercial toms (0 to 20 wk). Lysine is the reference amino acid for Ideal Protein ratios and accurately defining the requirement reduces fractional errors in the corresponding ideal protein ratios. Growth assays with commercial toms over a full production cycle showed that the maximal lysine response in 2- to 4-wk, 4- to 8-wk and 16- to 20-wk turkeys were above the NRC (1994) recommended lysine requirement. Threonine is the third limiting amino acid after methionine and lysine in a typical corn-soybean meal diet. A review of the literature shows that only two studies have recommended threonine requirements that covered the full growth cycle for commercial turkeys. Based on the lysine study above, it was our hypothesis that threonine concentrations that support maximal responses in commercial turkeys will increase with increasing dietary lysine concentrations. Growth assays with commercial toms fed four threonine concentrations at two lysine concentrations showed that optimal responses of 2- to 20-wk male turkeys were at lysine and threonine concentrations above the NRC (1994) remmoned requirements.
Michael Lilburn, PhD (Advisor)
Jeffrey Firkins, PhD (Committee Member)
Steven Loerch, PhD (Committee Member)
Ramesh Selvaraj, PhD (Committee Member)
Normand St-Pierre, PhD (Committee Member)
184 p.
Agriculture; Animals
F line; lysine; muscle; R 2 line; selection; threonine; turkey; TSAA

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Aimiuwu, O. C. (2010). Dietary Amino Acid Concentrations for 2- to 20-Week-old Turkeys, Meleagris [Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1279813955

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Aimiuwu, Osagie. Dietary Amino Acid Concentrations for 2- to 20-Week-old Turkeys, Meleagris. 2010. Ohio State University, Doctoral dissertation. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1279813955.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Aimiuwu, Osagie. "Dietary Amino Acid Concentrations for 2- to 20-Week-old Turkeys, Meleagris." Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1279813955

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

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