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Investigations on the microbial community associated with peri-implantitis in smokers and non-smokers.

Tsigarida, Alexandra
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1371071124

Abstract Details

2013, Master of Science, Ohio State University, Dentistry.
Background: Peri-implantitis is a biofilm-induced disease that leads to destruction of implant-supporting structures and may result in loss of the implant. It is known that smokers are at higher risk for implant failure than nonsmokers. We have previously demonstrated that even in states of clinical health, smokers have a pathogen-enriched periodontal biofilm that increases their susceptibility to disease. In addition, although early studies indicated that peri-implant microbiota may be similar to subgingival microbiota, evidence is emerging, that the microbial profiles of peri-implant health and peri-implantitis are different from periodontal health and periodontitis. The ultimate goal of the present study is to identify subject-specific differences between implants and teeth and answer the question whether altered subgingival microbial profiles in smokers are attributable to smoking per se or occur secondarily to peri-implant disease. Methods: Subgingival and submucosal plaque samples were collected from forty current and forty never smokers with peri-implantitis, peri-implant mucositis and peri-implant health. Bacterial DNA was isolated, amplified and sequenced using 16S pyrotag sequencing. Chimera-depleted sequences were compared against a locally-hosted curated database for bacterial identification. UniFrac distances were compared using community ordination methods. ANOVA with Tukey HSD were used to compare the microbial profile across groups. Results: No statistically significant differences were seen between smokers and nonsmokers in any of the demographic characteristics. Based on the health status of the implants, the only significant differences were found in terms of history of implant loss and bruxism in peri-implantitis groups compared to peri-implant mucositis and healthy sites. Nonsmokers were found to have higher gingival inflammation in the peri-implantitis cases and these differences were statistical significant. Overall 2.72 millions sequences were identified with Firmicutes accounting for 56.7% of all sequences. The evaluation of the shared species between teeth and implants revealed that 40 to 85 % of the species were shared between the two groups and there was significantly more bacterial diversity on teeth compared to implants. Irrespective of the implant health status, the most predominant gram status in all cases was the gram positive anaerobes, followed by gram negative anaerobes but no statistical significant differences were found in health and disease. The most predominant species in the peri-implant communities in nonsmokers belonged to the families Unclassified Streptococcus, Unclassified Fusobacterium, Unclassified Clostridiaceae. Smokers presented similar species apart from peri-implantitis cases that presented a completely different microbial profile including the genera Acinetobacter, Kingella and Methylobacterium. Conclusions: Peri-implant disease in smokers is distinct from that of nonsmokers, as well as healthy peri-implant biofilms in smokers demonstrate differences compared to that of nonsmokers. In addition, the microbial profile of peri-implantitis includes several previously unsuspected species. Lastly, even though teeth and implants share species, they remain microbiologically different.
Purnima Kumar (Advisor)
Binnaz Leblebicioglu (Committee Member)
Haikady Nagaraja (Committee Member)
Dimitris Tatakis (Committee Member)
64 p.
Dentistry; Microbiology
implants; peri-implantitis; peri-implant mucositis; bacteria; periodontal disease; teeth; smoking

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Tsigarida, A. (2013). Investigations on the microbial community associated with peri-implantitis in smokers and non-smokers. [Master's thesis, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1371071124

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Tsigarida, Alexandra. Investigations on the microbial community associated with peri-implantitis in smokers and non-smokers. 2013. Ohio State University, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1371071124.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Tsigarida, Alexandra. "Investigations on the microbial community associated with peri-implantitis in smokers and non-smokers." Master's thesis, Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1371071124

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

osu1371071124
734
© 2013, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.