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Comparison of Azithromycin and Amoxicillin for Prophylaxis at Dental Implant Placement: A Randomized Pilot Study of Bioavailability and Anti-inflammatory Effects

Gil-Escalante, Mariana
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1371125943

Abstract Details

2013, Master of Science, Ohio State University, Dentistry.
The rate of early implant failures although low, can be increased in high-risk populations and can be very costly. For this reason, data showing that the implant failure rate can be reduced by a single dose of antibiotic prior to implant surgery has been incorporated into a new standard of care. It is still unknown which antibiotic is the most beneficial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate differences in bio-availability and anti-inflammatory effects between azthromycin (AZM) and amoxicillin (AMX). 18 healthy patients, 21 and older, requiring one-stage placement of a dental implant were recruited from the Graduate Periodontology Clinic at the OSU College of Dentistry. A randomized, double-blinded design was used to eliminate bias. Prior to implant placement surgery, patients were randomly divided into control (AMX) and experimental (AZM) groups. Clinical measurements of gingival inflammation and plaque and samples of GCF, were obtained prior to implant placement on the tooth adjacent to the surgical site. Measurements and samples of GCF and PICF were obtained 6, 13 and 20 days after surgery around the adjacent tooth and the newly placed dental implant. In addition a blood sample was taken at 6 days. Evaluation of bio-availability of AZM and AMX was done using an agar diffusion bio-assay. To evaluate changes in pro-inflammatory mediators between the groups, cytokine and growth factor analysis was carried out using a commercially available multiplex bead-based immunoassay. The results showed that at 6 days AZM concentration in serum, GCF and PICF was 0.015±0.002 µg/ml, 3.39±0.73 µg/ml and 2.77±0.90 µg/ml, respectively, whereas in the AMX group antibiotic concentration was below the level of detection. Changes in GI and GCF volume in the AZM group were not statistically significant when compared to baseline values, while significant changes in both inflammation and GCF volume were present in the AMX group. In GCF samples, content of IL-6 was significantly lower in the AZM group at 6 and 13 days and VEGF was significantly lower at 20 days. In PICF samples, G-CSF content was significantly lower on days 13 and 20 in the AZM group as well as for IL-8, MIP-1ß and IP-10 on day 20. Results suggest that the AZM group had a slightly faster resolution of the post-surgical inflammatory process.
John Walters (Advisor)
Binnaz Leblebicioglu (Committee Member)
Tim Eubank (Committee Member)
Rachel Henry (Committee Member)
77 p.
Dentistry

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Gil-Escalante, M. (2013). Comparison of Azithromycin and Amoxicillin for Prophylaxis at Dental Implant Placement: A Randomized Pilot Study of Bioavailability and Anti-inflammatory Effects [Master's thesis, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1371125943

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Gil-Escalante, Mariana. Comparison of Azithromycin and Amoxicillin for Prophylaxis at Dental Implant Placement: A Randomized Pilot Study of Bioavailability and Anti-inflammatory Effects . 2013. Ohio State University, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1371125943.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Gil-Escalante, Mariana. "Comparison of Azithromycin and Amoxicillin for Prophylaxis at Dental Implant Placement: A Randomized Pilot Study of Bioavailability and Anti-inflammatory Effects ." Master's thesis, Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1371125943

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

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This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.