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Studies on T-cell Properties during Coccidiosis and a Vitamin E Supplement to an in ovo Coccidiosis Vaccine

Walston, Matthew W. S.
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1417449965

Abstract Details

2014, Master of Science, Ohio State University, Animal Sciences.
This project studied 1. T-regulatory cells (Tregs) and immunosuppressive properties post-coccidial challenge and 2. the effect of vitamin E supplemention to an in ovo anti-coccidial vaccine. Parameters evaluated included key cytokines involved in a coccidia response, specific T-cell populations, macrophage nitric oxide (NO) production and T-cell proliferation. For the first experiment, layer chickens were orally gavaged at three weeks of age with live oocysts to produce an active, lesion forming, infection or left uninfected to serve as the control. At 6 and 11 days post-challenge, spleen and cecal tonsils were collected and evaluated for cell proliferation, CD4+, CD8+ and CD25+ T cell populations and the cytokines IL-1, IFN-γ and IL-10. Successful infections with coccidiosis can be characterized by reduced weight gain and shedding of oocysts in the feces. Infected birds gained an average of 22.5g less weight over the 11 day trial period and shed an average of 1.5 x 104 oocysts/g of feces 5 days post-infection. Infected birds had an increase in IL-10 transcripts in the cecal tonsils and a decrease of IFN-γ in the spleen after 11 days of infection. Also, 11 days after infection the population of Treg cells decreased in the spleen and increased in the cecal tonsils. During early infection, 6 days post-challenge, CD4+ and CD8+ cells increased in the cecal tonsils but there was no effect in the spleen. At 11 days post-challenge, the CD4+ cells decreased in the cecal tonsils. T-cell populations depleted of Tregs had higher cell proliferation than populations containing Tregs. Overall, the coccidia infection caused an up regulation in Tregs, the immune suppressive cytokine IL-10, in the cecal tonsils and a decrease in IFN-γ in the spleen during late infection. These three factors together will suppress the response to the coccidia pathogen. In a second experiment, fertile eggs were injected with vitamin E and/or a live anti-coccidial vaccine at 18 days of incubation. Chicks that were exposed to supplemental vitamin E in ovo had splenic macrophages that produced higher concentrations of NO 6 days post-hatch and higher serum levels of anti-coccidial IgG 12 days post-hatch. There was no effect of vitamin E on NO levels at day 12 or on serum anti-coccidial IgG concentrations at day 6. This study demonstrated that IL-10 release by Tregs is a key component of the immune suppression brought on by a coccidial infection and that vitamin E could be a beneficial supplement to an in ovo anti-coccidial vaccine.
Ramesh Selvaraj (Advisor)
Michael Lilburn (Committee Member)
Renukaradhya Gourapura (Committee Member)
82 p.
Animal Sciences
coccidiosis; chickens; vitamin e; tregs; regulatory t cells; in ovo; cytokines

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Citations

  • Walston, M. W. S. (2014). Studies on T-cell Properties during Coccidiosis and a Vitamin E Supplement to an in ovo Coccidiosis Vaccine [Master's thesis, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1417449965

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Walston, Matthew. Studies on T-cell Properties during Coccidiosis and a Vitamin E Supplement to an in ovo Coccidiosis Vaccine . 2014. Ohio State University, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1417449965.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Walston, Matthew. "Studies on T-cell Properties during Coccidiosis and a Vitamin E Supplement to an in ovo Coccidiosis Vaccine ." Master's thesis, Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1417449965

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

osu1417449965
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This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.