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Validation and Repeatability Testing of a New Hybrid III 6-year-old Lower Extremity

Ryu, Yeonsu
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5729-7998
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1461316105

Abstract Details

2016, Master of Science, Ohio State University, Biomedical Engineering.
Although Motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) are reported as the leading cause of death and injury for children over the age of 3, life threatening injuries from the head, neck, and thorax are decreasing due to the advancement of car safety research. Such advancement in car safety brings focus to research on non-fatal, but detrimental injuries that cause life-long disability such as lower extremity injuries (Durbin, 2011, NHTSA, 2012). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) (2010) reported that lower extremity injury in children between ages 4-7 years old is second in prevalence at 17% following head injury at 38%. In order to gain better understanding of both low and high velocity trauma mechanisms, more pediatric biomechanics research of lower extremity is necessary. However, lack of biofidelity in the lower extremities of the child anthropomorphic test device (ATD) pose challenges to studying the interaction between the body and the interior of the vehicle. Previous studies by Boucher, et al. (2013) evaluated the range of motion and stiffness of the ankle on child volunteers, and unpublished work by Boucher, et al. (2014) developed a new prototype Hybrid III 6-year-old ATD lower extremity. The present project continues to finalize and validate this new instrument. This document is divided into two studies. The first study evaluated the stiffness and impact repeatability of the prototype ATD ankle. Using the standard hand-held universal goniometer and an Isokinetic Dynamometer (Biodex System III), range of motion (ROM) and stiffness of the ankle with various stiffness bumpers in dorsiflexion and plantarflexion were determined. The bumper with the most biofidelic response was chosen for further testing. The ATD ankle was then tested for impact repeatability in the tibia and the ankle using a ram impactor. Results of the dynamometer testing indicated that bumper 80A was most comparable with the child volunteers (Boucher, et al., 2013) with the stiffness of 0.79 Nm/deg and a ROM of 26°. Results of the ram testing indicated repeatable responses especially in the tibia load, tibia moment, and ROM with the maximum coefficient of variance at 2.7%. The ankle stiffness was not as repeatable with a maximum coefficient of variance 15.61%. The second study evaluated impact response of the prototype lower extremity in a realistic and dynamic environment using knee-bolster airbags. The ATD was positioned in a front seat to mimic three worst case scenarios including toes on mid-dashboard, toes on lower dashboard, and feet flat on floor. The impact responses in the femur and tibia were collected and compared with published injury threshold values. The KBA test results indicated that positions with toes on mid-dashboard and feet flat on ground are not injurious to the lower extremity. The position with toes on lower dashboard was concluded to be injurious due to the high bending moments in the tibia. In conclusion, the above studies demonstrate increased biofidelity of the ATD lower extremity. This indicates positive steps towards validating the new design of the Hybrid III 6-year-old ATD ankle.
John Bolte, IV (Advisor)
Amanda Agnew (Committee Member)
Laura Boucher (Committee Member)
110 p.
Biomechanics; Biomedical Engineering; Biomedical Research
Hybrid III; Hybrid III 6-year-old; 6 year old; ATD; Anthropomorphic Test Device; Lower Extremity; pediatric injury; crash test dummy

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Citations

  • Ryu, Y. (2016). Validation and Repeatability Testing of a New Hybrid III 6-year-old Lower Extremity [Master's thesis, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1461316105

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Ryu, Yeonsu. Validation and Repeatability Testing of a New Hybrid III 6-year-old Lower Extremity . 2016. Ohio State University, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1461316105.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Ryu, Yeonsu. "Validation and Repeatability Testing of a New Hybrid III 6-year-old Lower Extremity ." Master's thesis, Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1461316105

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

osu1461316105
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This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.