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Chaplow - Masters_Thesis.pdf (760.89 KB)

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Effects of a Lifestyle Intervention on Change in Body Composition in Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy

Chaplow, Zachary Lewis
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2758-0829
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1523462399213986

Abstract Details

2018, Master of Science, Ohio State University, Kinesiology.
Androgen deprivation therapy is a foundation of treatment for a majority of prostate cancer patients. However, the adverse effects of androgen suppression on body composition places prostate cancer patients at increased risk for sarcopenic obesity, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic syndrome. The synergistic benefits of promoting concomitant change in both exercise and dietary behavior could represent an optimal lifestyle intervention approach for offsetting the adverse effects of ADT on body composition. Nonetheless, knowledge of the effects of lifestyle interventions on treatment-related body composition change in prostate cancer patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy remains relatively limited. The purpose of the single-blind, randomized controlled Individualized Diet and Exercise Adherence-Pilot (IDEA-P) trial is to evaluate the preliminary efficacy of an exercise and diet intervention, implementing a group-mediated cognitive behavioral (GMCB) approach, relative to standard of care treatment among prostate cancer patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy. In the current study, we evaluated the effects of the exercise and diet intervention on select body composition outcomes. A total of 30 PC patients (M age = 66 years) on androgen suppression were randomly assigned to the exercise and diet (EX+D) (n = 14) or standard-of-care (SC) (n = 16) interventions. Measures of body composition were obtained via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) at baseline and 3-month follow- up assessments. Results Separate, univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) models were used to examine the effect of Treatment (EX+D and SC) on the change in body composition outcomes observed from the baseline and 3-month assessments. Effect sizes (Cohen’s d) were calculated by taking the adjusted mean difference and dividing by the pooled standard deviation to determine the magnitude of differences observed for each outcome. Significant treatment main effects for the lifestyle intervention were observed for total body weight (p = .037), body fat percentage (p = .028), total-body fat mass (p = .022), trunk fat mass (p = .017), and gynoid-region fat mass (p = .046) after controlling for baseline values and the effect of time on ADT. Beyond statistical significance, analysis of several other whole-body and regional measures showed meaningful effects favoring the lifestyle intervention. Conclusions Findings from the IDEA-P trial suggest that an EX+D intervention, implementing a GMCB approach designed to promote adoption and adherence to lifestyle behavior change, resulted in superior improvements in key body composition outcomes relative to SC approach. Given the meaningful impact favorable body composition changes may have on chronic disease risk, these results underscore the utility of including EX+D intervention in the adjuvant treatment of PCa patients undergoing ADT.
Brian Focht (Advisor)
Carl Maresh (Committee Member)
Jeff Volek (Committee Member)
94 p.
Aging; Health; Health Sciences; Kinesiology; Medicine; Oncology
IDEA-P; Androgen deprivation therapy; androgen suppression; body composition; prostate cancer; exercise; diet; lifestyle intervention; group-mediated cognitive behavioral; GMCB; dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry; DEXA;

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Chaplow, Z. L. (2018). Effects of a Lifestyle Intervention on Change in Body Composition in Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy [Master's thesis, Ohio State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1523462399213986

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Chaplow, Zachary. Effects of a Lifestyle Intervention on Change in Body Composition in Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy . 2018. Ohio State University, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1523462399213986.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Chaplow, Zachary. "Effects of a Lifestyle Intervention on Change in Body Composition in Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy ." Master's thesis, Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1523462399213986

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

osu1523462399213986
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This open access ETD is published by The Ohio State University and OhioLINK.