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Thesis draft Final Warnock 2019.pdf (1.58 MB)

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Cortical Bone Mechanics Technology (CBMT) and Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) Sensitivity to Bone Collagen Degradation in Human Ulna Bone

Warnock, Sarah M.
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3727-1758
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1556305540256918

Abstract Details

2019, Bachelor of Science (BS), Ohio University, Biological Sciences.
Bone is often regarded as a mostly inorganic tissue. Osteoporosis, a skeletal metabolic disorder characterized by increased bone fragility and fracture risk, is currently diagnosed by Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scan. However, DXA scanning is a poor predictor of fracture risk and bone quality, as it only assesses the mineral content of bone. Recent research increasingly suggests that other nonmineral parameters contribute to bone strength, such as size, geometry, and organic collagen. As a result, it is imperative to find a better diagnostic tool that more accurately encapsulates these other factors. One potential solution is Cortical Bone Mechanics Technology (CBMT), a novel technology being developed at Ohio University that uses noninvasive, radiation-free three point mechanical loading test to assess bone flexural rigidity (EI). Because CBMT is a mechanical test, it is believed to better detect changes in nonmineral factors. To assess this, compromising of the organic collagen matrix was induced using potassium hydroxide (KOH), which does not affect bone mineral. Paired cadaveric human forearms (n=16) were treated with either saline (n=8) or KOH (n=8). No statistically significant difference was present between the right and left T-scores of excised ulnas prior to chemical incubation (p= 0.40). No statistically significant difference between the KOH and saline cohorts prior to chemical incubation (p=0.27). Arms were assessed with DXA and CBMT both before and after treatment. Saline immersion did not reduce EIQMT (+0.9±1.2%, p= 0.76) or EICBMT (-0.6±2.3%, p=0.40). By contrast, KOH immersion reduced both EIQMT (-27.2±3.2%, p<0.0001) and EICBMT (-20.6±6.1%, p<0.01), with no difference between the magnitudes of these effects (p=0.21). Ulna BMD at the 1/3 region was not reduced by either saline (-1.4±0.9%, p = 0.09) or KOH (0.2±0.8%, p=0.76). Thus, CBMT detected collagen-mediated effects of KOH on the bending stiffness of whole cadaveric human ulna bones, and DXA did not. Compared to endosteal immersion, periosteal immersion accelerated treatment effects by ~1000%.
Anne Loucks, Ph.D (Advisor)
Lyn Bowman, Engr (Other)
94 p.
Anatomy and Physiology; Biomechanics; Biomedical Research; Technology
Bone strength; flexural rigidity; bone fragility; bone mineral density; bone mechanics; ulna; osteoporosis; biomechanics; technology; fracture risk

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Citations

  • Warnock, S. M. (2019). Cortical Bone Mechanics Technology (CBMT) and Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) Sensitivity to Bone Collagen Degradation in Human Ulna Bone [Undergraduate thesis, Ohio University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1556305540256918

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Warnock, Sarah. Cortical Bone Mechanics Technology (CBMT) and Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) Sensitivity to Bone Collagen Degradation in Human Ulna Bone. 2019. Ohio University, Undergraduate thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1556305540256918.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Warnock, Sarah. "Cortical Bone Mechanics Technology (CBMT) and Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) Sensitivity to Bone Collagen Degradation in Human Ulna Bone." Undergraduate thesis, Ohio University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1556305540256918

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

ouhonors1556305540256918
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© 2019, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by Ohio University Honors Tutorial College and OhioLINK.