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The Effect of an Acute Bout of Exercise on Endothelial Function following Ischemic-Reperfusion Injury

Lawrence, Jennifer L.
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1313417778

Abstract Details

2011, Master of Science in Exercise Science, University of Toledo, College of Health Sciences.
Cardiovascular diseases are a major cause of death throughout the world. Furthermore, the primary pathological cause of coronary artery disease is myocardial damage due to ischemic-reperfusion (IR) injury, the vascular dysfunction and tissue damage due to reperfusion following a long duration of ischemia. According to the literature, IR injury leads to endothelial dysfunction. It has been well established that endothelial dysfunction is one of the first identifiable markers of atherogenesis and vascular disease. Furthermore, it has also been demonstrated that participation in regular, physical activity can lead to both ischemic preconditioning as well as improved endothelial function. However, it is not currently known if an acute bout of exercise performed prior to experiencing an IR injury can lead to a protective condition whereby endothelial dysfunction is either prevented or reduced. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to determine whether an acute bout of moderate intensity exercise, such as jogging on a treadmill, can provide an alternative method of preconditioning to either prevent or reduce the effects of IR injury. The study consisted of 6 male and 3 female subjects (n=9, age = 21.7 ± 3.2 years). All subjects were all healthy, sedentary individuals (height = 174.43 ± 8.12 cm, body mass = 77.87 ± 21.03 kg, body mass index = 25.46 ± 6.26 kg/m²) and were not currently engaged in any type of resistance or endurance exercise training. Each subject performed all three protocols; ischemic-reperfusion injury (IRI), exercise (EXER), and preconditioning (EXER/IRI) which included performing exercise prior to ischemic-reperfusion injury. Endothelial function was assessed using flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery, a surrogate model to the coronary arteries. The ANOVA analysis indicated that there was a significant main effect for time, however no main effect for protocol (p=0.08) or interaction was observed. Compared to the initial FMD trial at time 0, both IRI and EXER/IRI resulted in a significant decrease in brachial artery %FMD at 120 min corresponding to a 60 ± 19% and 53 ± 16% decrease in vascular reactivity, respectively. In comparison to the corresponding %FMD response at time 0, the brachial artery vascular response remained attenuated at 140 min (p<0.05) for the IRI condition but returned to pre-injury values by 160 min. The %FMD response for EXER/IRI returned to initial values by 140 min with no further change from time 0 observed at 160 min. The EXER intervention did not result in a significant change in %FMD at any of the time points examined in comparison to the initial corresponding FMD trial at time 0. In conclusion, FMD showed significant differences during the IRI and EXER/IRI protocols, but returned to normal conditions at 160 minutes and 140 minutes, respectively. Therefore, the findings of the present study indicate that the performance of a single bout of moderate intensity exercise prior to IRI does not impart any immediate protective benefits to the endothelium. However, since the exercise preconditioning protocol resulted in a faster recovery than IRI alone, this suggests there may some protection/benefits provided by the prior bout of acute exercise.
Barry Scheuermann, PhD (Committee Chair)
Suzanne Wambold, PhD (Committee Member)
David Weldy, PhD (Committee Member)
69 p.
Health Sciences
Exercise; Endothelial Function; Ischemic-Reperfusion Injury; Exercise Preconditioning; Flow-Mediated Dilation

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Lawrence, J. L. (2011). The Effect of an Acute Bout of Exercise on Endothelial Function following Ischemic-Reperfusion Injury [Master's thesis, University of Toledo]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1313417778

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Lawrence, Jennifer. The Effect of an Acute Bout of Exercise on Endothelial Function following Ischemic-Reperfusion Injury. 2011. University of Toledo, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1313417778.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Lawrence, Jennifer. "The Effect of an Acute Bout of Exercise on Endothelial Function following Ischemic-Reperfusion Injury." Master's thesis, University of Toledo, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1313417778

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

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© 2011, all rights reserved.
This open access ETD is published by University of Toledo and OhioLINK.