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M.Sc Thesis Suren Uswatta.pdf (1.95 MB)

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Injectable Particles for Craniofacial Bone Regeneration

Uswatta, Suren Perera
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1481305175641452

Abstract Details

2016, Master of Science, University of Toledo, Bioengineering.
This study explored the possibility of fabricating bio-factionalized injectable scaffolds for craniofacial bone repair using biopolymers and bioceremics. Injectable porous spherical particles were fabricated using chitosan biopolymer (CS), sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP), nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) and nano-calcium phosphate (nCaP). TPP was primarily used as an ionic crosslinker to crosslink nHA/CS and nCaP/CS droplets. The hypothesis of this study was that incorporating nHA or nCaP into CS could support the osteoconduction by emulating the mineralized cortical bone structure, and improve the ultimate compressive strength (UCS) of the particles. Chitosan solutions were prepared with 0-2% nHA and 0-1% nCaP concentrations and used simple coacervation and lyophilization techniques to obtain spherical particles. The lyophilized nHA/CS and nCaP/CS spherical particle groups had mean diameters of 1.33 mm and 1.404 mm (n = 25) respectively. Further, portion of 2% nHA/CS lyophilized particles were soaked and dried to obtain lyophilized soaked and dried (LSD) particles. LSD particles had a mean diameter of 0.93 mm (n = 25). Scanning electron microscopy images showed porous surface morphology and interconnected pore structures inside all particle groups. One-way ANOVA results showed a significant increase (p < 0.001) in UCS of 0.5% nCaP/CS lyophilized particles compared to all other nCaP/CS and nHA/CS lyophilized particle groups. Moreover, LSD particles had significantly increased (p < 0.005) their mean UCS by 120% compared to its corresponding lyophilized particle group. In a drawback, all particles have transformed to gel like beads and lost their mechanical properties by 95% on the 2nd day when fully immersed in phosphate buffered saline. The live and dead cell assay showed no cytotoxicity and excellent osteoblast attachment to lyophilized particle groups at the end of 14th day of in vitro studies. 2% nHA/CS particles showed higher osteoblast attachment than 0% nHA/CS particles. BMP-2 and VEGF encapsulation efficiencies are approximately 5-12% and release study results found that 10-30 % of encapsulated growth factors were released by the end of 21 days. Finally, DNA quantification results showed no significant difference between amount of DNA extracted from particles with GFs and particles without GFs.
Champa Jayasuriya, PhD (Committee Co-Chair)
Arunan Nadarajah, PhD (Committee Co-Chair)
Patricia Relue, PhD (Committee Member)
Kelly Marbaugh, PhD (Committee Member)
80 p.
Biomedical Engineering; Biomedical Research
Injectable Scaffolds, Mechanical Properties, Chitosan, Hydroxyapatite

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Uswatta, S. P. (2016). Injectable Particles for Craniofacial Bone Regeneration [Master's thesis, University of Toledo]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1481305175641452

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Uswatta, Suren. Injectable Particles for Craniofacial Bone Regeneration. 2016. University of Toledo, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1481305175641452.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Uswatta, Suren. "Injectable Particles for Craniofacial Bone Regeneration." Master's thesis, University of Toledo, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1481305175641452

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

toledo1481305175641452
502
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This open access ETD is published by University of Toledo and OhioLINK.