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OPTIMIZING THE RELEASE OF BOTANICAL INGREDIENTS FROM ANTIPERSPIRANTS/DEODORANTS

WILSON, HEATHER-ANNE MARIE
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1069796149

Abstract Details

2003, MS, University of Cincinnati, Pharmacy : Pharmaceutical Sciences.
Most US consumers use an antiperspirant/deodorant (AP/DEO) daily to reduce underarm perspiration and odor. Female consumers have expressed interest in an AP/DEO that will reduce the appearance of hair in the underarm. This investigation aimed to formulate an AP/DEO with ginger, a botanical ingredient that has been shown to reduce the appearance of hair. Preliminary studies demonstrated a reduction in the number of visible hairs with a ginger solution in the underarm; however, larger studies with ginger in an AP/DEO stick showed no reduction in the number of visible hairs. The properties of the AP/DEO stick may inhibit the release of ginger from the matrix. To confirm this theory, in vitro release studies were performed on ginger AP/DEO sticks using Franz diffusion cells, with Micro Bicinchoninic Acid Assay (MBCA) to track the release of ginger peptides from the AP/DEO sticks. Once ginger is incorporated into a stick, peptide release is difficult because of ingredient interaction. After determining that the release of ginger was prohibitively small from the AP/DEO stick, a switch was made to a roll-on formula. The roll-on seemed to offer less interaction since an increase was seen in the release of ginger in vitro. A clinical trial examined the in vivo efficacy of the active ginger AP/DEO roll-on versus the AP/DEO vehicle. Although the outcome does not show a statistically significant difference between active and vehicle, it does not invalidate the in vitro results. The MBCA assay indiscriminately tests for peptides released from ginger, not necessarily specific compounds required to affect the appearance of hair. Also, botanical ingredients often lose their efficacy when added to topical formulations due to processing and heating. Further investigation is needed to isolate those active compounds to ensure their release and delivery in vivo. Subsequently, this research can be used as a catalyst for future explorations into the correlation between in vitro release studies and in vivo clinical trials.
Dr. Gerald Kasting (Advisor)
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
antiperspirants/deodorants; ginger; botanicals; hair growth; Franz diffusion cells/In-Vitro Release

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • WILSON, H.-A. M. (2003). OPTIMIZING THE RELEASE OF BOTANICAL INGREDIENTS FROM ANTIPERSPIRANTS/DEODORANTS [Master's thesis, University of Cincinnati]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1069796149

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • WILSON, HEATHER-ANNE. OPTIMIZING THE RELEASE OF BOTANICAL INGREDIENTS FROM ANTIPERSPIRANTS/DEODORANTS. 2003. University of Cincinnati, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1069796149.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • WILSON, HEATHER-ANNE. "OPTIMIZING THE RELEASE OF BOTANICAL INGREDIENTS FROM ANTIPERSPIRANTS/DEODORANTS." Master's thesis, University of Cincinnati, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1069796149

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

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This open access ETD is published by University of Cincinnati and OhioLINK.