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The Effects of Differing Levels of Protein Consumption on Renal Function in Young Compared to Older Adults

Wagner, Erin A.
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1157042098

Abstract Details

2006, MS, University of Cincinnati, Allied Health Sciences : Nutrition.
Objective: To study the differences in older compared to younger adults in the short-term effects of a high-protein diet on kidney function and systemic acid base homeostasis. Design: A two-period crossover trial in which a two-week ‘washout’ period (usual diet) was inserted before each one-week ‘experimental diet’ period (either low-or high-protein diet). Subjects/Setting: Healthy, weight-stable men and women either between the ages of 25 and 40 (younger group, N=12) or between the ages of 55 and 70 (older group, N=10), recruited by advertisement from the greater Cincinnati, Ohio area. Intervention: During the two-week ‘washout’ periods subjects ate their usual self-selected diets and kept a food log. During the two one-week ‘experimental diet’ periods subjects consumed meals prepared by the metabolic kitchen, to provide either 0.5 g protein/kg body weight (low-protein) or 2.0 g protein/kg body weight (high-protein). 24-hour urine and fasting blood samples were collected before and after each experimental diet, for a total of four times per person. Main Outcome Measures: Biochemical markers of renal function and acid base balance. In blood: blood urea nitrogen, total carbon dioxide, creatinine, estimated GFR, and serum electrolytes. In urine: creatinine, ammonium, calcium, phosphorous, and electrolyte clearance, pH, and osmolality. Statistical Analyses Performed: Outcomes were evaluated by analysis of variance to assess differences between age groups with respect to experimental diet for selected dietary, blood, and urine parameters. Results: A larger number of older subjects, mainly women, showed an increase in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) after the HP compared to LP diet. None of the subjects developed a clinically detectable acidosis after the week of HP diet. Urinary pH was significantly lower, and ammonium excretion and urine osmolality were significantly higher after the HP compared to the LP diet in both age groups. Ammonium excretion increased two-fold after the HP compared to LP diet in both age groups. Conclusions: One week of a high-protein diet alters kidney function differently in older compared to younger people in terms of estimated GFR, and a HP diet disproportionately increases GFR in older, female subjects. Short-term consumption of a HP diet compared to a LP diet affects acid-base balance to a similar degree in both older and younger adults. Applications: Short-term exposure to HP diet is likely safe for older individuals. Short term HP diet does not adversely affect kidney function or acid-base balance in the elderly. However, kidney function should be closely monitored in prolonged intake, particularly in older, female subjects with low baseline GFR.
Dr. Grace Falciglia (Advisor)
37 p.
Health Sciences, Nutrition
high-protein diet and renal function; high-protein diet and aging

Recommended Citations

Citations

  • Wagner, E. A. (2006). The Effects of Differing Levels of Protein Consumption on Renal Function in Young Compared to Older Adults [Master's thesis, University of Cincinnati]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1157042098

    APA Style (7th edition)

  • Wagner, Erin. The Effects of Differing Levels of Protein Consumption on Renal Function in Young Compared to Older Adults. 2006. University of Cincinnati, Master's thesis. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1157042098.

    MLA Style (8th edition)

  • Wagner, Erin. "The Effects of Differing Levels of Protein Consumption on Renal Function in Young Compared to Older Adults." Master's thesis, University of Cincinnati, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1157042098

    Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition)

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This open access ETD is published by University of Cincinnati and OhioLINK.